In the year 2000, the nations attending the UN Millennium Summit passed a resolution to adopt the so-called Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The objective here was to have eradicated poverty and improved quality of life in developing countries by 2015. With time ticking by and 2015 fast approaching, however, the question soon arose as to what should succeed the MDGs. The final answer to this question came during the UN Summit held in New York in September 2015 with the adoption of the Agenda 2030 and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals – also known as SDGs. The aim of these SDGs is to get the global community working together to tackle the whole issue of sustainable development. At its centre: the joint efforts of all 193 states that signed the Agenda. In principle, the SDGs should unite what had previously been carried out with separate independent projects: to support developing countries, on the one hand, and to protect the environment and prevent climate change on the other.
A summary of the MDGs can be found in the section Sustainable development policies
As was the case with the MDGs, the SDGs should, as far as possible, be achieved within a 15-year period, i.e. by 2030. Individual features involving sustainable development – such as closing material life cycles and minimising air, water and soil pollution – should even be reached by 2020. One thing is clear: there is a lot of work to do, especially for the industrial nations. One of the reasons for this is because the focus and strategy have changed compared to the MDGs. The centre of attention of the MDGs was on helping developing countries. Everyone – including the industrial nations – is in the same boat with the SDGs and all countries are being forced to question their own concepts, values and strategies. Time will tell whether and to what extent they will be prepared to take action and how the SDGs will be introduced in the individual states. In 2015, a number of institutions, including the Bertelsmann Stiftung, carried out a first study to look at this question. The findings revealed that there are great differences between the SDG indices of the different industrialised nations. Germany was in the leading group in 6th place. Despite this fact, there are still a number of areas where Germany could greatly improve its performance – particularly when it comes to reducing waste, protecting wildlife and handling fresh water reserves.
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